Articles of Syed Ehtisham Husain

Hind-e-aaryaai, Musalmanon Ki Aamad Se Pahle

It is often said regarding the history of the Aryan language in India that no other country possesses such a coherent and continuous linguistic history, and its evolution through every era can be traced with clear examples. There is no doubt that this

Tanqeed Aur 'Amali Tanqeed

What are the principles of literary criticism? What exactly does criticism mean? Before answering such questions, one must first consider what literature itself is. As soon as a discussion about literature begins, the principles of criticism naturally

Usool-e-tanqeed

The quest to trace the origins and birth of the arts and sciences leads humanity into the hazy twilight of history. In those obscure depths, the mind finds no clear path, and no established principles or rules exist to offer guidance. The dim light of

Iqbal Ba-haisiyat-e-shayar Aur Falsafi

If philosophy begins with wonder, then Iqbal was an inquiring traveler in the realm of philosophy. If poetry is a song sung during the soul's highest flights, then Iqbal was a poet of beautiful, rare, deeply moving, and passionate melodies. Iqbal emerged

Tanqeed, Nazariya Aur 'Amal

What are the principles of literary criticism? What exactly does criticism mean? Before answering such questions, we must first consider what literature itself is. As soon as a discussion about literature begins, the principles of criticism naturally

Adab Aur Tahzeeb

The question of how a nation's cultural life relates to its literature is one that is occasionally raised, and it is one that has often perplexed my own mind. At first glance, this question seems to address something quite familiar. Everyone understands,

Akhtar Shirani Ki Rumaaniyat

When evaluating Akhtar Shirani's poetry, both novice and seasoned critics will likely first emphasize the fact that he was a romantic poet. Romanticism is such an ambiguous concept that identifying its exact constituent elements is difficult; personal

Jadeed Urdu Shayari Aur Samaaji Kashmakash

The changes in human emotion, intuition, aesthetic taste, and perspective—from the dawn of social consciousness to the present day—tell the story of humanity's struggle to strike a balance amidst the ever-expanding needs of society. This is not some

Ghalib Ka Tafakkur

Premchand Ki Taraqqi-pasandi

Mushaa'ire Ki Ifaadiyat

For a long time, the question has been asked: do *mushairas* (poetic symposiums) hold any real importance or utility? Such a question cannot simply be answered with a "yes" or "no," and even if it were, it would offer us no real intellectual guidance.

Urdu Shayari Mein Qaumiyat

In political philosophy, the concepts of nation and nationalism have become highly debated issues. However, in poetry and literature, the matter is not nearly as complex. In the poet's consciousness, the sense of nationalism emerges as an emotion, a

Urdu Adab Mein Mahatma Gandhi

Naee Shayari Ka Pas-manzar

Every human action occurs within the boundaries of time and space. The creation of poetry, if nothing else, is undeniably an act—one brought into existence by some form of internal or external stimulus. Consequently, the moment it emerges, a chain of

Ghalib Ki But-shikani

Naya Adab Aur Taraqqi Pasand Adab: Eik Mubahisa

This discussion will prove highly beneficial for students of literature who wish to gain an academic understanding of the true contours and historical backgrounds of literary movements. I believe that if any segment of literature today is consciously

Adab Mein Tanz Ki Jagah

If it is true that literature is not only an interpreter and illustrator of life but also its critic, then all the tools of critical observation can be employed—according to the writer's awareness—to understand and explain life's struggles through literature,

Zabaan Aur Rasm-e-khat

The national, international, and cultural significance of language is an established academic fact. We see that even the smallest and most primitive of societies possess a language. Yet, most people are rarely troubled by the question of how human beings

Ghazal Mein Mahboob Ka Badalta Kirdaar

Certain literary genres are so resilient and adaptable that, despite opposition, they continually reaffirm their vitality by altering their form and hue. The Urdu ghazal is one such genre. Its evergreen beauty evokes the nymphs of Greek mythology who

Adab Ka Maaddi Tasawwur

The dream of literature and other fine arts has always been troubled by a multitude of interpretations. Because it was not seen as having any material foundation, the realm of poetry and literature was largely considered a world of dreams and imagination—one

Avadh Ki Adabi Fiza (Ghadar Se Pahle)

The final bloom of the East's royal and feudal civilization offered a glimpse of itself in Awadh, a region ruled by an Iranian dynasty for just over a century before the Mutiny of 1857. Historically, this is a complex tale of rise and fall, one where

Haali Ka Siyaasi Shu'oor

Akbar Ka Zehn

Adab Mein Jinsi Jazba

With slight variations, the sexual instinct is found in all living beings and acts as a universal biological law that ensures the continuation of life. In human existence, too, it has operated in one form or another throughout every era. If its expression

Syed Ehtisham Husain